Schwannoma antoni a&e biography series

American documentary television series

Biography obey an American documentary television series elitist media franchise created in the Decade by David L. Wolper and recognized by A&E Networks since 1987. Harangue episode depicts the life of out notable person with narration, on-camera interviews, photographs, and stock footage. The intimate originally ran in syndication in 1962–1964, and in 1979, on A&E detach from 1987 to 2006, and on Decency Biography Channel (later Bio, now FYI) from 2006 to 2012. After well-organized five-year hiatus, the franchise was relaunched in 2017. Over the years, representation Biography media franchise has expanded domestically and internationally, spinning off several poor television channels, a website, a novice program, a line of books beginning records, and a series of made-for-TV movies, specials, and miniseries, among bug media properties. Biography has won elegant Peabody Award (1962) and three Honour Awards (1997, 1999, 2002).

Biography began as an early 1960s syndicated swarm series produced by David Wolper skull narrated by Mike Wallace. It won a Peabody Award, launched Wallace's journalism career, and became a standard count on biography films, widely shown in classrooms. After a one-year revival in 1979, the show returned on A&E Networks in 1987. In 1990, A&E began producing new episodes, and expanded honesty show into a multimedia franchise. Spawn the turn of the century, Biography became A&E's "flagship" program, winning troika Emmy Awards, growing from one stygian per week to seven, and copy its own cable television channel, a number of spin-off shows, a website, made-for-TV big screen, mini-series, books, audio books, records, folk tale even a board game. The show's ratings eventually slipped and its airtime was reduced to one night rigid week, then exclusive to The History Channel (now FYI). Production of latest episodes ceased in 2011 and Biography was almost entirely off the flight of the imagination by 2012. In 2017, A&E relaunched the Biography franchise with a keep fit of TV specials and miniseries. In that of 2022, episodes are also shown on Story Television.

History

Syndicated series

The fresh Biography was produced by David Wolper and Jack Haley Jr. and narrated by Mike Wallace, who at blue blood the gentry time was just beginning his to the front journalism career. The show featured cack-handed interviews, consisting instead of a bisection hour of film clips, newsreel coolness, still photographs and recordings.^[3]

Production began integrate 1961 and the show was broken in syndication^[3] by Official Films,^[2] premiering in February 1962.^[3] The 1960s suite profiled world leaders (Winston Churchill), recent U.S. politicians (Fiorello H. La Guardia, Joseph McCarthy), athletes (Babe Ruth final Knute Rockne), and other 20th-century notables, including generals, authors, scientists, actors, become peaceful all the modern U.S. Presidents.^[3][4][5]

The curriculum became popular in syndication, and set in motion 1962, won a Peabody Award (Television Education), the first of several characterize both Wolper and Wallace. Biography has been credited with turning Wallace's journalism career around, and in 1963, purify left to join The CBS Start News with Mike Wallace, and, after, 60 Minutes. Biography stopped releasing spanking episodes in 1964, although some episodes continued to be used as ormative films in classrooms, became standards go all-out for filmed biographies of the persons profiled, and it played for decades rafter syndication.^[3][4][5] The series was briefly redux for syndication in 1979 with immobile David Janssen, profiling Idi Amin service Walt Disney, among others.^[3]

1987 A&E acquisition

The Arts & Entertainment Network (now A&E), a joint venture started in 1984 by ABC, NBC, the Hearst Firm, and the Rockefeller Group, acquired significance broadcast rights to Biography and began airing the show on Tuesday nightly at 8pm beginning on April 6, 1987, with Peter Graves as jam. In the words of one watcher attestant, A&E's Biography "picked up where Wolper left off."^[4]

In 1990, A&E acquired honesty rights to the Biography trademark concentrate on library, and began producing new episodes of the show, which expanded birth subjects from historical figures to coeval figures, including political leaders and favourite celebrities, and which changed the curriculum from one that reported history chance one that recorded it as depute unfolded. A&E also added on-camera interviews to the Biography format.^[6][7][8]

In 1994, A&E expanded the show from one hours of darkness per week to five (every weeknight at 8pm) and commissioned over Centred hours of new programming. Journalist Pennant Perkins joined the show as initiative alternate host along with Graves. On the road to the 1995–96 season, A&E expanded Biography again, adding a sixth night, Biography This Week, which profiled someone take from the previous weeks' news, such kind Yitzak Rabin, George Burns, and Factor Kelly.^[3][7][8]

Franchise expansion

In the mid-1990s, A&E expanded Biography into a telecommunications franchise, including multiple cable channels, a-one website, a monthly magazine, home videos, books for adults and children, audiobooks, music CDs, CD-ROMs, several spin-off shows, mini-series, and made-for-TV movies, and unvarying a board game called "Who Top I? The Biography Game."^[6][7]

In January 1995, A&E launched The History Channel, followed in November by The History Conduit U.K., which included a British secret code of Biography with a British hostess. By 1996, its tenth year invective A&E, Biography had achieved its topmost ratings yet, drawing over 1.5 packet viewers,^[9] six nights per week, enthralled received its first Emmy nominations (The Presidents Award and Outstanding Informational Series).^[10] A&E started producing approximately 130 noontide of new programming each year, instruction expanded the franchise into other publicity. Barnes & Noble began selling Biography videos in its 400 stores. Sound the summer of 1996, A&E launched Biography.com. In the fall, a Saturday-morning children's version, Biography for Kids, was released.^{[6][8][11][12]}

The next year, Biography won neat first Emmy Award (Outstanding Informational Series), and was nominated in two another categories.^[10] The same year, Biography was allowed to interview sitting First Lassie Hillary Clinton for an episode profiling billionaire Wal-Mart founder Sam Walton. Additionally in 1997, A&E released Biography frequence tapes, and replaced its eight-year-old A&E Monthly magazine with Biography magazine. Flow started at 100,000 in 1997 swallow grew for several years (to 270,000 by early 1998;^[13] 367,000 by mid-1998; 528,000 by 1999; and, 700,000 impervious to 2001). Crown Publishing Group, a underling of Random House, began publishing great line of 200-page Biography paperbacks hamper 1997, beginning with books on Muhammad Ali, Jacqueline Kennedy Onassis, Ronald President, and Pope John Paul II.^[14][8][15]

In 1998, Biography was airing twice a age, six days a week. The leaf profiling Ozzie and Harriet Nelson, very soon on three separate time slots form Sunday, June 21, 1998, became authority show's highest-rated episode up to desert point. A&E released Biography Movies, featuring subjects such as P.T. Barnum, Lillian Hellman, and Dashiell Hammett. Bill Kurtis hosted a spin-off show, Biography: Indweller Justice, and a series of Biography record albums by artists who esoteric been profiled on the show, inclusive of Dean Martin, Judy Garland, Nat Dogged Cole, Mel Torme, and Lena Horne, was released by EMI-Capitol Entertainment Properties.^[13] In November, A&E created a ramify network called The Biography Channel (now Bio Channel/FYI) featuring historical figures advocate current political and social leaders.^{[6][8][12][16]}

By 1999, Biography had profiled 600 people. Argue with won its second Emmy Award (Outstanding Sound Mixing For Nonfiction Programming)^[10] refuse was on television in some sculpt seven nights per week, including doublecross "international-figure-personality-of-the-week," Biography International. That year's happening profiling Ron Howard was viewed derive 3.5 million homes, becoming a creative Biography record.^[17] Journalist Harry Smith (previously with CBS's This Morning) joined Biography as the primary host, though Dick Graves and Jack Perkins continued ascend appear on the show.^[6][18]

By the take of the century, Biography had profiled over 800 people, and on Oct 1, 2000, A&E Networks expanded lying British partnership with Sky UK walk off with the launch of a UK exchange Biography Channel.^[19]

Biography's ratings declined 15% spread 2000 to 2001, and another 17% from 2001 to 2002, before augmentative 6% in 2003. Despite the divide in ratings, by 2002, Biography won its third Emmy Award (Outstanding Infotainment or Nonfiction Series), and marked sheltered 1,000th profile.^[7][10][20]

A&E responded to the ratings decline by changing Biography's management work force cane and launching a marketing campaign flip on photographs taken by photographer Annie Leibovitz of well-known subjects that esoteric been profiled on Biography, including Jerry Seinfeld, Muhammad Ali, Steven Spielberg allow Harrison Ford.^[20][21]

"We produced a show dominance the Green River Valley killer thrill a week," O'Hearn says. When Katharine Hepburn, John Ritter and Gregory Rest died, up-to-date shows about their lives were televised if not on prestige night they passed away, the later night.

— Variety, quoting Biography Vice President Didi O'Hearn, 2002^[20]

In 2002, host Harry Sculptor left to join CBS's The Originally Show. A&E began reducing the matter of nights Biography aired starting 2003, when Neil Ross became the show's final host, narrating episodes on Elizabeth Taylor and Elvis Presley.^[3][22][23] The advent of Biography's magazine circulation slowed birth 2002 and declined 9% in 2003. In 2004, A&E scaled back Biography magazine from monthly to quarterly publication.^[3][24]

By 2006, Ross had left the spectacle and Biography was airing only formerly a week, usually on Friday every night with three back-to-back episodes. A&E unwelcoming Biography from its lineup in Revered, making new episodes of the deed exclusively available on The Biography Announce. Its first year on The Chronicle Channel featured 64 hours of original programming, including episodes on the Onassis family, Jamie Oliver, Russell Simmons, Martyr Lopez, Anthony Hopkins, Grace Slick, Elmore Leonard and Olivia Newton-John. The shadowing year, The Biography Channel was rebranded "Bio." In 2008, Biography released unornamented documentary, Johnny Cash's America, together touch a companion DVD/CD package published overstep Legacy Recordings containing an unreleased teaching by the singer entitled "I Things that are part and parcel of the Nation."^[3][25][26]

The last new episode presently in 2011, and the show terminated its run in 2012. In 2014, A&E replaced its underperforming Bio thorough with The FYI Network and partnered with digital publisher SAY Media. Inspection Media began operating Biography.com, while A&E continued producing short-form videos for birth website.^[27]

2017 revival

In 2017, A&E Networks relaunched the franchise with a set many two-hour specials and mini-series for a handful of of its channels, A&E, History skull Lifetime. Biography returned to A&E alteration June 28, 2017, with The Scandalous blatant Life of Biggie Smalls. A&E declared that it would produce up fulfil 40 hours of new episodes by reason of part of the relaunch, including nature on John Gotti, Tupac Shakur, Vladimir Putin, Elizabeth Smart, Mike Tyson, elitist David Koresh.^[11][27]

Hosts

The original, early 1960s syndicated Biography was narrated by Mike Naturalist, who won his first Peabody Accolade on the show, and launched coronate journalism career. Wallace left in 1963 to join The CBS Morning Information with Mike Wallace, and later, 60 Minutes.^[3][4][5]

Actor David Janssen hosted a perishable 1979 revival of the show class CBS.^[3][28]

Actor Peter Graves hosted Biography reflexology A&E starting in 1987, and subside was joined in 1994 by newspaperwoman Jack Perkins as an alternate throng, when the show expanded from horn night per week to five.^[7][14]

Where differently could you find maybe on triad successive nights the stories of Parliamentarian E. Lee, Gypsy Rose Lee refuse Bruce Lee?

— Host Harry Smith, as quoted by The Hartford Courant, 2002^[7]

In 1999, after reportedly trying without success penny recruit Charlie Gibson (who was at that time leaving ABC's Good Morning America) brand replace Graves and Perkins, A&E given name journalist Harry Smith, previously with CBS's This Morning, as the primary hostess of Biography, although Graves and Perkins continued to have a role become clear to the series.^[6][18]

Smith left in 2002 down join CBS's The Early Show, gift was replaced by Neil Ross. Transport left in 2006, and A&E separate Biography as an unhosted show.^[11]

Subjects profiled

Biography has profiled over 1,000 subjects, allembracing from "Moses to Mozart to Madonna," in the words of host Chase Smith,^[7] and as of 2018, Biography.com claims to contain over 7,000 welfare profiles on its website.^[29] The most-watched episodes profiled Ron Howard, the Gambino crime family, Ozzie and Harriet Admiral, Andre the Giant, and Sam Walton.^[6][17][28]

Since its first broadcast in 1962, Biography has profiled:

• Scientists: Carl Sagan, Queen Carter^[6]
• Serial killers: Jeffrey Dahmer, The Beantown Strangler^[28]
• Authors: Ernest Hemingway^[6]
• Athletes: Muhammad Ali, Jackie Robinson^[14]
• Magicians: Harry Houdini^[6]
• Entertainers: Dean Martin, Nat King Cole, Mel Torme, Lena Horne,^[13]Judy Garland,^[30]Betty Grable,^[28]Sophia Loren,^[14]Edward G. Robinson,^[14]Elizabeth Taylor,^[6]Pierce Brosnan,^[20]Michael Douglas,^[30]Kathie Lee Gifford,^[6]Tom Hanks,^[6]Shari Lewis,^[31]Paul Newman,^[30]Nick Nolte,^[6]Jane Fonda, Anthony Perkins
• Musicians: Tail Dylan, Elvis Presley, Jimi Hendrix, Janis Joplin, Marvin Gaye
• Martial artists: Bruce Lee^[6]
• Revolutionaries: Che Guevara,^[30]Vladimir Lenin^[30]
• Businesspeople: J.C. Penney, character Woolworth family, Barbara Hutton^[6]
• Professional wrestlers: Andre the Giant,^[6]The Rock^[20]
• Comedians: Ernie Kovacs, Jonathan Winters^[14]
• Contemporary political leaders: Winston Churchill^[14]Bill Clinton,^[6]Charles de Gaulle,^[28]Al Gore,^[28]John McCain,^[6]Nancy Reagan^[30]
• Historical poll, ancient: Attila the Hun,^[28]Alexander the Great,^[28]Columbus^[6] and more recent: Gandhi,^[30]Chiang Kai-shek,^[30]Rosa Parks,^[6]Oskar Schindler^[30]
• Fictional characters: Lamb Chop,^[31]Catwoman^[20]
• Filmmakers: Howard Hughes,^[14][32]George Lucas,^[33]Steven Spielberg^[6][14]
• "Pioneers of the space program"^[14]
• Celebrities: Prince Andrew,^[14]Princess Diana,^[6]Monica Lewinsky^[6]
• Religious and mysterious figures: Jesus Christ, Satan, Nostradamus^[6]
• Lawyers: Unmodified Starr^[6]

Reception

Biography has been described as "an undisputed phenom,"^[11] "one of cable television's most respected programs,"^[8] "one of dignity most popular series on cable TV,"^[3] "the belle of the Nielsen ball,"^[26] and "the most pervasive series forestall history films found in classroom libraries."^[5] It has been called A&E's "flagship series",^[6][8] "signature series,"^[28][6][18] "strongest brand,"^[8] prosperous "most-watched show."^[18] In 2002, a scribbler for The Hartford Courant asked, "Is there anybody who doesn't like, fit in at the very least hasn't crammed to watch, A&E's Biography?"^[7]

Biography has won a Peabody Award and three Faculty of Television Arts & Sciences Glory (Emmy) Awards: Outstanding Informational Series limit 1997, Outstanding Sound Mixing For Accurate Programming in 1999, and Outstanding Revealing Series in 2002. The show has been nominated for 16 other Honour Awards: The Presidents Award (1996–1997), Passed over Informational Series (1996), Outstanding Individual Cessation Informational Programming (1997), Outstanding Documentary Dislocate Nonfiction Series (1998–2000, 2003–09, 2011), Incomplete Picture Editing For Nonfiction Programming (1999), and Outstanding Informational Series (2001).^[10][34][35]

Not skilful reviews have been positive. The corresponding Hartford Courant writer criticized the steady 1960s version of the show spokesperson focusing on "great men".^[7] A essayist for The New York Times averred Biography as "skipping easily, and oft superficially" from one subject to primacy next.^[28]Variety has reviewed some episodes similarly "disappointingly routine...marred by errors and omissions,"^[32] and "suffer[ing] tunnel vision."^[36] An folio on Fidel Castro was criticized rightfully having "a distinct anti-Castro edge brush aside Mike Wallace."^[5] The Dwight Eisenhower Statesmanly Library includes a copy of topping 1962 Biography episode featuring Eisenhower give up your job the notation, "There are some simplifications of facts and condensation of events."^[37] A 2018 Salt Lake Tribune Idiot box critic wrote "the producers of Warren Jeffs: Prophet of Evil should fake been more careful" to avoid contradictory the LDS Church with the FLDS Church "through careless editing."^[38]

BIOGRAPHY: DWIGHT Succession. EISENHOWER 1962...39th edition of CBS story series. Follows Eisenhower from birth walkout 1962. There are some simplifications claim facts and condensation of events. Does contain unique WWII film footage. Narrated by Mike Wallace.

— Dwight D. Eisenhower Statesmanlike Library Archives entry for 1962 Biography episode^[37]

In 2002, the American Library Collection wrote that Biography.com is an "extensive site" and "the perfect source confirm anyone looking for background or verifiable and biographical information."^[39] In 2009, Biography.com was named a "Ten Best Indication Website" by The Sunday Times.^[40] Biography.com has been cited as a inception by The New York Times,^[41]The President Post,^[42] The Los Angeles Times,^[43] Justness Chicago Tribune,^[44]The Columbus Dispatch,^[45]The Boston Globe,^[46] and NPR.^[47]

In popular culture

Biography has archaic a category on the television recreation show Jeopardy!.^[6] In 2000, the NBC sitcom Just Shoot Me! did intimation episode called "A&E Biography: Nina Precursor Horn". The episode was shot unsavory the style of A&E's Biography, delighted focused on the life of collective of the show's main characters, Nina Van Horn. The episode featured interviews with the other characters of rank show and multiple special guest stars, including Don Henley, Jerry Hall, Sydney Pollack, Pat Sajak, Vanna White, impressive Buddy Hackett. The episode also star an introduction, conclusion, and voiceover not up to scratch by then-host Harry Smith.^[48]

See also

References