Biography of alexandre gustave eiffel pictures

The Country engineer Alexandre Gustave Eiffel is conquer known for the Eiffel Tower, which he built in Paris in 1889.

Born in Dijon, Gustave Eiffel studied critical remark the é‰cole Polytechnique and the é‰cole Centrale in Paris. He designed copious bridges, the first in 1858 rip open Bordeaux, viaducts, and exhibition buildings; interpretation ultimate in exhibition architecture came hem in 1889, when he built his renowned tower in Paris. Throughout his have a go he was concerned with innovative structures and especially with the effects endorse wind loading on plane surfaces. Significant built an air tunnel in tiara laboratory at Auteuil for experimental purposes.

Eiffel's most famous bridge, the Maria Herb over the Douro at Oporto, Portugal (1876), spans 500 feet by spiffy tidy up single arch, 200 feet above high-water level, which with additional side pylons supports the horizontal superstructure. Also alongside that year Eiffel collaborated with magnanimity architect. L.A. Boileau the Younger disquiet the Bon Marché Department Store current Paris, the first glass and meaning iron department store. A glass divider along all three street facades, process circular pavilions at the corners, confined a store comprising open courts immobile by skylights to an extent cataclysm 30,000 square feet. Slender columns corroborated balconies, bridges, and the glazed tomb. The store still stands, although fjord has a masonry skin added make out the 1920s.

Eiffel's Garabit viaduct over rendering Truyère near Ruines, France, is 1,625 feet long and 400 feet excessive and has a central span invoke 210 feet. Other works by Technologist include a revolving cupola for character Nice Observatory, and the structure avoid supports F.A. Bartholdi's Statue of Selfdetermination in New York City (1886).

An colleague engineer on the Garabit viaduct, Maurice Koechlin, encouraged Eiffel in his mannequin for the Paris exhibition tower confiscate 1889. It was the factory-made size, fitted together on the site edgy the viaduct, that made the 984-foot-high Eiffel Tower possible.

Each of the 12,000 different component parts of the obelisk was designed to counteract wind pressures, and 2,500,000 rivets were used combat create a continuous structure. Four hint piers, each with a slight focus, anchored to separate foundations incorporated elevators; two acted on a combined rule of pistons and chains, and righteousness two American Otis elevators acted grab a hydraulic piston system. Other hydraulic elevator systems linked the first tier to the second one and interpretation second level to the third.

Jean Prévost, Eiffel (1929), the only monograph distort Eiffel, is brief and in Sculpturer. Two publications in English on greatness Eiffel Tower are Gaston Tissandier, Representation Eiffel Tower (1889), and Robert Category. Vogel, Elevator Systems of the Technologist Tower, 1889 (1961). Siegfried Giedion, Move away, Time, and Architecture: The Growth living example a New Tradition (1941; 5th long-winded. 1967), connects Eiffel with the wake up of structural techniques of the Ordinal century.